History and Culture

Discover Costa Rica’s Roots: From Ancient Civilizations to Vibrant Traditions

Costa Rica is not only about breathtaking nature — it’s also a land with a fascinating past and vibrant traditions. From ancient indigenous roots to the Spanish colonial era, and the Afro-Caribbean influence on the Atlantic coast, the country is a true cultural mosaic that comes alive in its food, festivals, architecture, and everyday life.

You can experience this diversity everywhere: walking through historical landmarks, visiting museums, or joining traditional celebrations that are still part of daily life.

Top Cultural and Historical Experiences in Costa Rica

  • Juego de los Diablitos
  • Guayabo National Monument
  • Sanatorio Durán

    • Costa Rica History and Culture Map: Museums, Landmarks & Traditions

    History and Culture by Category

    Historical Sites & Monuments

  • Guayabo National Monument
  • Sanatorio Durán
  • Cartago Ruins

    • Festivals & Traditions

  • Juego de los Diablitos
  • Christmas in Costa Rica

    • Frequently Asked Questions about Costa Rica’s History and Culture

    Costa Rica blends Indigenous, Spanish colonial, and Afro-Caribbean influences. You’ll see it in festivals (Mascaradas, Juego de los Diablitos), architecture (Teatro Nacional, colonial Cartago), food (gallo pinto, rice & beans caribeño) and a national ethos of “Pura Vida.” The country also abolished its army in 1948, shaping a strong civic and education culture.

    Top picks include Guayabo National Monument (pre-Columbian city), the Cartago Ruins and Basílica de los Ángeles in Cartago, the Teatro Nacional in San José, and the Gold and Jade Museums (world-class pre-Columbian collections). These places connect ancient heritage with the republican and modern eras.

    Head to the Caribbean coast: Limón, Puerto Viejo, Cahuita and surrounding towns. You’ll find calypso music, rice & beans with coconut milk, and community events tied to Afro-descendant heritage. Visit with respect and support local guides, sodas, and artisans.

    Wolaba Parade- Puerto Viejo

    Start with gallo pinto (breakfast staple) and the casado (lunch plate). Don’t miss Tamales (Dec holidays), Olla de carne (hearty stews), Chorreadas (corn pancakes), and on the Caribbean side Rice & Beans and Rondón. Fresh tropical fruits and café are everywhere.

    • Mascaradas Tradicionales – October 31, celebrated nationwide with parades and giant masks.
    • Juego de los Diablitos – Boruca and Curré, late December and late January.
    • Romería to Cartago – August 2, pilgrimage to Basílica de los Ángeles.
    • Anexión del Partido de Nicoya – July 25, celebrated across Guanacaste with parades, music, and typical food.
    • Festival de la Luz – San José, mid-December (parade of floats and lights).
    • Día de la Persona Negra y la Cultura Afrocostarricense – August 31, with cultural events held throughout August, especially in Limón.

    Dress modestly for religious sites (e.g., Basílica de los Ángeles), ask before photographing people, follow local guidance during festivals, and avoid blocking processions. Hire local guides, buy from artisans, and learn a few Spanish phrases—small gestures go a long way.

    Gallo Pinto- Costa Rica Typical Breakfast